The US 401(k) exists because of a single 1978 tax-code subsection (section 401(k)) that accidentally allowed tax-deferred salary deferrals.
§01What is
Understanding the 401(k) Calculator
The 401(k) Calculator computes Final balance from 5 inputs: salary ($), you contribute (%), employer match (%), return (%), years. 401(k) projection with employer match.
Quick calculators for the math that shouldn’t need a notepad — instant, accurate, private to your browser.
The 401(k) Calculator sits in that toolkit — it 401(k) projection with employer match. Enter your numbers above and the result updates instantly; every step of the math is shown in the Derivation panel so you can see exactly how the answer was reached.
Apply the formula to a realistic set of inputs: Salary ($) = 80000, You contribute (%) = 10, Employer match (%) = 4, Return (%) = 7, Years = 30.
01Start by noting the input — Salary ($): 80000.
02Start by noting the input — You contribute (%): 10.
03Start by noting the input — Employer match (%): 4.
04Start by noting the input — Return (%): 7.
05Start by noting the input — Years: 30.
06Substitute these values into the formula: t × (a+n) / 100 / 12 × ((1+r / 100 / 12)^(12 × o)-1) / (r / 100 / 12)
07Compute Final balance: the calculator returns 1138640.
08Cross-check the answer by opening the Derivation panel above — every line of math is shown so you can follow the computation end-to-end.
§04Variants
Common 401(k) Problems
The formula gets rearranged depending on which variable you need. Here are the patterns you’ll run into in the real world — find the one that matches your problem and follow the worked steps.
01 · PATTERN
Salary ($) halved
salary = 40000 (from 80000)
Keep every other input at its default and halve the salary ($). See how final balance responds.
01New Salary ($): 40000
02Baseline Final balance: 1138640
03New Final balance: 569320
04Final balance decreases by 50% → use this sensitivity to plan for real-world variation.
02 · PATTERN
Salary ($) doubled
salary = 160000 (from 80000)
Keep every other input at its default and double the salary ($). See how final balance responds.
01New Salary ($): 160000
02Baseline Final balance: 1138640
03New Final balance: 2277280
04Final balance increases by 100% → use this sensitivity to plan for real-world variation.
03 · PATTERN
You contribute (%) halved
pct = 5 (from 10)
Keep every other input at its default and halve the you contribute (%). See how final balance responds.
01New You contribute (%): 5
02Baseline Final balance: 1138640
03New Final balance: 731983
04Final balance decreases by 35.7% → use this sensitivity to plan for real-world variation.
04 · PATTERN
You contribute (%) doubled
pct = 20 (from 10)
Keep every other input at its default and double the you contribute (%). See how final balance responds.
01New You contribute (%): 20
02Baseline Final balance: 1138640
03New Final balance: 1951950
04Final balance increases by 71.4% → use this sensitivity to plan for real-world variation.
§05FAQ
Frequently asked questions
Yes. The calculator implements the standard formula as documented and returns exact floating-point results. No approximations are used unless noted in the formula.
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